Journal: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

Article Title: CB2 agonism controls pain and subchondral bone degeneration induced by mono-iodoacetate: Implications GPCR functional bias and tolerance development.

doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111283

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 1. Antinociceptive effects of acute, systemic administration of CB2 agonists (JWH133 and GW933972A) on knee joint hypersensitivity in OA rats. The pressure application measurement (PAM) test was performed at day 28 post MIA i.a. injection and 1 h post i.p. drug administration (i.p.): JWH133 (1 mg/kg), GW933972A (1 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg) or Vehicle (VEH). The hind limb knee withdrawal threshold was assessed during a 300-min period. Results are presented as means of the maximum possible effect percentage (% MPE) ± SEM with N = 6 for each experimental group. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post hoc test with a p < 0.05 confidence interval. *Denotes significance between the VEH and pharmaco logical treatment groups at the same time point, # denotes significance between the GW833972A (1 mg/kg) and other groups at the same time point.

Article Snippet: JWH133 and GW833972A were obtained from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK) and Carbosynth Ltd (Newbury, UK), respectively.

Techniques: Injection

Journal: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

Article Title: CB2 agonism controls pain and subchondral bone degeneration induced by mono-iodoacetate: Implications GPCR functional bias and tolerance development.

doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111283

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 3. Antinociceptive effects of CB2 agonists on knee joint hypersensitivity upon two different chronic drug administration schemes in osteoarthritic rats. Compounds JWH133 (1 mg/kg) and GW933972A (5 mg/kg) or Vehicle (VEH) were evaluated. The pressure application measurement (PAM) test was performed each second day 1 h after drug administration (i.p.) starting from day 10 up to day 28 (treat ment paradigm #2, 10 injections) or beginning from day 20 (treatment paradigm #1, 5 injections). Data are presented as means of the limb withdrawal threshold (gf) ± SEM from a group of n = 5-10 animals. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test with p < 0.05 confidence intervals. *Denotes significance vs. vehicle at the same time point (day).

Article Snippet: JWH133 and GW833972A were obtained from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK) and Carbosynth Ltd (Newbury, UK), respectively.

Techniques:

Journal: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

Article Title: CB2 agonism controls pain and subchondral bone degeneration induced by mono-iodoacetate: Implications GPCR functional bias and tolerance development.

doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111283

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 2. Effects of acute systemic administration of CB2 agonists (JWH133 and GW933972A) on the kinetic weight bearing (KWB) test in osteoarthritic rats. Gait analysis was performed on day 21 after MIA injection (i.a.) and 1 h after drug administration (i.p.): JWH-133 (1 mg/kg), GW933972A (5 mg/kg) or Vehicle. Data are presented as means ± min to max for peak force (A), peak surface (B), swing duration (C), and laid/duration (D) of the rear left (healthy hind limb, white square) and rear right (OA hind limb, dark grey square). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test with a p < 0.05 confidence interval. Each experimental group included N = 6 rats. *Denotes significant differences between the rear left vs rear right paws in each group.

Article Snippet: JWH133 and GW833972A were obtained from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK) and Carbosynth Ltd (Newbury, UK), respectively.

Techniques: Injection

Journal: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

Article Title: CB2 agonism controls pain and subchondral bone degeneration induced by mono-iodoacetate: Implications GPCR functional bias and tolerance development.

doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111283

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 4. Gait analysis at day 21 in osteoarthritic rats following vehicle or CB2 agonists: JWH133 (JWH) or GW933972A (GW) injection in two treatment paradigms. Experiments were performed 24 h post drug i.p. administration at day 21 after MIA injection. Rats were treated with JWH133 (1 mg/kg), GW933972A (5 mg/kg) or Vehicle (VEH) in two chronic schemes : Treatment scheme 1 (#1, from day 20th to 28th) or Treatment scheme 2 (#2 from day 10th to 28th). Data are presented as means ± min to max for peak force (A), peak surface (B), swing duration (C), and laid/duration (D) of rear left (healthy hind limb, white square) and rear right (OA hind limb, dark grey square). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test with p < 0.05 confidence interval. Each experimental group includes N = 6 rats. *Denotes significant differences rear left vs rear right paws in each group.

Article Snippet: JWH133 and GW833972A were obtained from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK) and Carbosynth Ltd (Newbury, UK), respectively.

Techniques: Injection

Journal: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

Article Title: CB2 agonism controls pain and subchondral bone degeneration induced by mono-iodoacetate: Implications GPCR functional bias and tolerance development.

doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111283

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 5. Gait analysis at day 28 in osteoarthritic rats following vehicle or CB2 agonists: JWH133 (JWH) or GW933972A (GW) injection in two treatment paradigms. Experiments were performed 24 h post drug i.p. administration at day 21 post MIA injection. Rats were treated with JWH133 (1 mg/kg), GW933972A (5 mg/kg) or Vehicle (VEH) in two chronic schemes : Treatment paradigm 1 (#1, from day 20 to 28) or Treatment paradigm 2 (#2 from day 10 to 28). Data are presented as means ± min to max for peak force (A), peak surface (B), swing duration (C), and laid/duration (D) of rear left (healthy hind limb, white square) and rear right (OA hind limb, dark grey square). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post hoc test with p < 0.05 confidence intervals. Each experimental group included N = 6 rats. *Denotes significant differences rear left vs rear right paws in each group.

Article Snippet: JWH133 and GW833972A were obtained from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK) and Carbosynth Ltd (Newbury, UK), respectively.

Techniques: Injection

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: The Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Protects Against Alcoholic Liver Disease Via a Macrophage Autophagy-Dependent Pathway

doi: 10.1038/srep28806

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Representative images of CB2 (red) and F4/80 (green) labeling in peritoneal macrophages isolated from WT and CB2 Mye −/− mice (original magnification x400). ( B ) mRNA expression of CCL3, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-1α and TNF-α in Kupffer cells isolated from WT and CB2 Mye −/− mice and exposed to 1 ng/ml of LPS for 6 hours. Data are mean ± SEM of 5–10 samples per condition. & p < 0.05 for WT vs CB2 Mye −/− mice.

Article Snippet: The CB2 agonist JWH-133 was obtained from Axon Medchem, absolute ethanol from Carlo Erba Reactifs and Brewer Thioglycholate medium from BD Pharmingen.

Techniques: Labeling, Isolation, Expressing

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: The Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Protects Against Alcoholic Liver Disease Via a Macrophage Autophagy-Dependent Pathway

doi: 10.1038/srep28806

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Hepatic mRNA expression of CCL3, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-1α and TNF-α in control diet (CD)- and chronic-plus-binge ethanol-fed WT and CB2 Mye −/− mice. ( B ) Representative images (original magnification x400) and quantification of F4/80 staining in CD- and chronic-plus-binge ethanol-fed WT and CB2 Mye −/− mice. ( C ) Representative images (original magnification x200) and quantification of MPO staining in CD- and chronic-plus-binge ethanol-fed WT and CB2 Mye −/− mice. Arrows indicate positive cells. ( D ) Hepatic mRNA expression of Ly6G, SELE, SELP, ICAM1, ESL-1 and CD44 in CD- and chronic-plus-binge ethanol-fed WT and CB2 Mye −/− mice. ( E ) Left , representative hematoxylin-eosin staining of liver tissue sections from CD- and chronic-plus-binge ethanol-fed WT and CB2 Mye −/− mice (original magnification x200), and right , hepatic triglycerides content of CD- and chronic-plus-binge ethanol-fed WT and CB2 Mye −/− mice. Data are mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05 for CD vs ethanol and & p < 0.05 for WT vs CB2 Mye −/− mice.

Article Snippet: The CB2 agonist JWH-133 was obtained from Axon Medchem, absolute ethanol from Carlo Erba Reactifs and Brewer Thioglycholate medium from BD Pharmingen.

Techniques: Expressing, Control, Staining

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: The Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Protects Against Alcoholic Liver Disease Via a Macrophage Autophagy-Dependent Pathway

doi: 10.1038/srep28806

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cells were exposed to 5 μM of JWH-133, 100 nM rapamycin or vehicle for 6 hours in the presence or absence of 10 μM of chloroquine (CQ). ( A ) Western blot analysis and quantification of LC3, SQSTM1/p62 and β-actin protein expression in RAW264.7 cells. ( B ) Representative images (original magnification x400) and quantification of the number of LC3-positive dots ( left ) and SQSTM1/p62-positive dots ( right ) in RAW264.7 cells. ( C ) Representative images (original magnification x400) and quantification of the number of GFP-LC3-positive dots in F4/80 (red)-positive peritoneal macrophages ( left ) and SQSTM1/p62 (red)-positive dots in F4/80 (green)-positive peritoneal macrophages ( right ) isolated from GFP-LC3 transgenic mice. ( D ) Representative images (original magnification x400) and quantification of LC3-positive dots in RAW264.7 cells transfected with the RFP-GFP-LC3 plasmid (autophagosomes = GFP + RFP + (yellow dots), autolysosomes = GFP - RFP + (red dots), Total = GFP + RFP + and GFP - RFP + ). ( E ) Representative images (original magnification x400) and quantification of the number of LC3 (red)-positive dots ( left ) and of SQSTM1/p62 (red)-positive dots ( right ) in F4/80 (green)-positive peritoneal macrophages isolated from WT and CB2 Mye −/− mice and exposed to 10 μM of chloroquine or its vehicle for 6 hours. Data are mean ± SEM. # p < 0.05 for JWH-133 or rapamycin vs vehicle, * p < 0.05 for - CQ vs +CQ, & p < 0.05 for WT vs CB2 −/− cells.

Article Snippet: The CB2 agonist JWH-133 was obtained from Axon Medchem, absolute ethanol from Carlo Erba Reactifs and Brewer Thioglycholate medium from BD Pharmingen.

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Isolation, Transgenic Assay, Transfection, Plasmid Preparation